How to write the structure to the class, that is, no structure.
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
enum GoodsType//商品类别
{
Food=1,//食品
Cosmetic,//化妆品
Commodity,//日用品
Drink//饮料
};
struct Date//入库时间
{
int year;
int month;
int day;
};
struct Goods//商品基本信息
{
string code;//商品编号
string name;//商品名称
string brand;//生产厂家
double price;//商品价格
int num;//商品数量
GoodsType type;//商品类别
Date date;//入库时间
Goods *next;
};
class GoodsManage//商品管理
{
public:
GoodsManage();
~GoodsManage(){}
void DisplayMainMenu();//主菜单显示
void AddGoodsInfo();//添加商品信息
void DisplayGoodsInfo();//浏览商品信息
void SearchByCode();//按照商品编号搜索商品信息
void SearchByName();//按照商品名称搜索商品信息
void SearchByType();//按照商品类别搜索商品信息
void SearchByBrand();//按照商品品牌搜索商品信息
void EditGoodsInfo();//编辑商品信息
void DeleteGoodsInfo();//删除商品信息
void SellGoodsInfo();//出售商品信息
private:
int amount;//商品量
int DeleteAmount;
Goods *head;
Goods *DeleteHead;
};
GoodsManage::GoodsManage()//定义构造函数
{
amount=0;
DeleteAmount=0;
head=new Goods;
head->next=NULL;
DeleteHead=new Goods;
DeleteHead->next=NULL;
}
void GoodsManage::DisplayMainMenu()//定义主菜单函数
{
cout<<" \t\t\t------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* 欢迎使用商品库存管理系统 *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* 【商品进货】…(1) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* 【商品编辑】…(2) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* 【商品删除】…(3) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* |【按照编号查询】…(4) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* | *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* |【按照名称查询】…(5) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* 【商品查询】| *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* |【按照类别查询】…(6) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* | *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* |【按照品牌查询】…(7) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* 【商品出货】…(8) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* 【商品统计】…(9) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* 退出系统…(0) *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t* *\n";
cout<<" \t\t\t------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
cout<<"\n 请输入你要进行的操作编号:";
}
void GoodsManage::AddGoodsInfo()//定义添加商品信息函数
{
char c;
int c1;
Goods *tail=head,*p;
bool flag;
while(tail->next!=NULL)
tail=tail->next;//令tail指向链表中最后一个节点
do
{
flag=0;
p=new Goods;
cout<<"请选择商品类别:"<<endl;
cout<<"1.食品 2.化妆品 3.日用品 4.饮料"<<endl;
cout<<"请输入相应编号:";
do
{
cin>>c1;
if(c1>=1&&c1<=4)//判断用户输入编号是否存在
flag=1;
else
{
cout<<"您输入的编号不存在！"<<endl;
cout<<"请选择正确的商品类别:"<<endl;
}
}while(flag==0);//输入编号存在时跳出循环
if(c1==1)p->type=Food;
if(c1==2)p->type=Cosmetic;
if(c1==3)p->type=Commodity;
if(c1==4)p->type=Drink;
cout<<"商品类别("<<p->type<<")"<<endl;//表示商品类别
cout<<"请输入商品编号: ";
cin>>p->code;
do
{
Goods *q=head->next;
while(q!=NULL&&q->code!=p->code)//当q指向NULL或输入的编号与之前编号重复时跳出循环
q=q->next;
if(q==NULL)//当p指向NNULL且编号不重复时
flag=1;
else//编号重复时
{
cout<<"存在该编号的货物!!!请重新输入编号:";
cin>>p->code;
}
}while(flag==0);
cout<<"请输入商品名称：";
cin>>p->name;
cout<<"请输入生产厂家：";
cin>>p->brand;
cout<<"请输入商品价格：";
cin>>p->price;
cout<<"请输入商品数量：";
cin>>p->num;
cout<<"请输入入库时间（年/月/日）：";
cin>>p->date.year>>p->date.month>>p->date.day;
tail->next=p;//将p插入链表
p->next=NULL;
tail=p;
amount++;//商品量加一
cout<<"数据输入成功！！！想继续添加吗(y/n):";
cin>>c;
while(c!='y'&&c!='n')
{
cout<<"指令错误！！！！！<请输入y/n>"<<endl;
cout<<"数据添加成功！！！想继续输入吗(y/n):";
cin>>c;
}
}while(c=='y');
cout<<endl;
cout<<"信息处理完毕"<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键返回主菜单"<<endl;
getchar();
getchar();
}
void GoodsManage::EditGoodsInfo()//定义编辑商品信息函数
{
char c;
Goods *p;
bool flag=0;
string EditCode;
do
{
p=head->next;//令p指向head下一个节点
flag=0;
cout<<"请输入您要修改的货物编号：";
cin>>EditCode;
while(p->next!=NULL&&p->code!=EditCode)//直到p指向链表中最后一个节点找到相应编号的商品时跳出循环
p=p->next;
if(p->code==EditCode)
{
flag=1;
cout<setw( 10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
cout<<"确认修改吗？<y/n>";
cin>>c;
while(c!='y'&&c!='n')
{
cout<<"指令错误！！！！<请输入y/n>:";
cin>>c;
}
if(c=='y')
{
cout<<"请输入商品名称：";
cin>>p->name;
cout<<"请输入生产厂家：";
cin>>p->brand;
cout<<"请输入商品价格：";
cin>>p->price;
cout<<"请输入商品数量：";
cin>>p->num;
cout<<"请输入入库时间（年/月/日）：";
cin>>p->date.year>>p->date.month>>p->date.day;
cout<<"修改成功！"<<endl;
}
else cout<<"取消成功！"<<endl;
}
if(flag==0)
{
cout<<"对不起，您修改的货物不存在！！"<<endl;
}
cout<<"您想要继续修改吗？(y/n):";
cin>>c;
while(c!='y'&&c!='n')
{
cout<<"指令错误！！！<请输入y/n>:"<<endl;
cout<<"您想要继续修改吗？(y/n):";
cin>>c;
}
}while(c=='y');
cout<<endl;
cout<<"信息编辑完毕"<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键返回主菜单"<<endl;
getchar();
getchar();
}
void GoodsManage::DeleteGoodsInfo()//定义商品信息删除函数
{
Goods *q=head,*p,*tail=DeleteHead;
p=new Goods;
char c;
string Dename;
bool flag=0;
while(tail->next!=NULL)//令tail指向链表中最后一个节点
tail=tail->next;
do
{
cout<<"请输入您要删除的商品名称：";
cin>>Dename;
while(q->next!=NULL&&q->next->name!=Dename)//直到q指向链表中最后一个节点或者找到相应名称的商品时跳出循环
q=q->next;
if(q->next!=NULL)//找到相应名称的商品
{
flag=1;
cout<<"确认删除吗？<y/n>";
cin>>c;
while(c!='y'&&c!='n')
{
cout<<"指令错误！！！！<请输入y/n>:";
cin>>c;
}
if(c=='y')
{
p=q->next;
q->next=q->next->next;//q的下一个节点指向其后的节点
tail->next=p;
tail=p;
tail->next=NULL;//在链表中删除指定节点
DeleteAmount++;
amount--;//商品量减一
cout<<"删除成功！！"<<endl;
}
else cout<<"取消成功！！！"<<endl;
}
if(flag==0)
{
cout<<"对不起，您删除的商品不存在！！！"<<endl;
}
cout<<"您想要继续删除吗？(y/n):";
cin>>c;
while(c!='y'&&c!='n')
{
cout<<"指令错误！！！<请输入y/n>:"<<endl;
cout<<"您想要继续删除吗？(y/n):";
cin>>c;
}
flag=0;
q=head;//令q指向链表中第一个结点再次搜索相应名称的商品
}while(c=='y');
cout<<endl;
cout<<"信息删除完毕"<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键返回主菜单"<<endl;
getchar();
getchar();
}
void GoodsManage::SearchByCode()//按照商品编号查找商品信息
{
Goods *p;
bool flag;
string FoundCode;
p=head;
flag=0;
cout<<"请输入您要查找的商品编号：";
cin>>FoundCode;
while(p->next!=NULL)
{
p=p->next;
if(p->code==FoundCode)//找到相应编号的商品
{
flag=1;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
break;
}
}
if(flag==0)
{
cout<<"对不起，您查询的商品不存在！！！"<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"信息查找完毕"<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键返回主菜单"<<endl;
getchar();
getchar();
}
void GoodsManage::SearchByName()//按照商品名称查找商品信息
{
Goods *p;
bool flag;
string FoundName;
p=head;
flag=0;
cout<<"请输入您要查找的商品名称：";
cin>>FoundName;
while(p->next!=NULL)
{
p=p->next;
if(p->name==FoundName)//找到相应名称的商品
{
flag=1;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
break;
}
}
if(flag==0)
{
cout<<"对不起，您查询的商品不存在！！！"<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"信息查找完毕"<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键返回主菜单"<<endl;
getchar();
getchar();
}
void GoodsManage::SearchByType()//按照商品类别查找商品信息
{
Goods *p;
bool flag;
int FoundType;
p=head;
flag=0;
cout<<"请输入您要查找的商品类别：";
cin>>FoundType;
while(p->next!=NULL)
{
p=p->next;
if(FoundType==1&&p->type==Food)
{
flag=1;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
}
else if(FoundType==2&&p->type==Cosmetic)
{
flag=1;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
}
else if(FoundType==3&&p->type==Commodity)
{
flag=1;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
}
else if(FoundType==4&&p->type==Drink)
{
flag=1;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
}
}
if(flag==0)
{
cout<<"对不起，您查询的商品不存在！！！"<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"信息查找完毕"<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键返回主菜单"<<endl;
getchar();
getchar();
}
void GoodsManage::SearchByBrand()//按照生产厂家查找商品信息
{
Goods *p;
bool flag;
string FoundBrand;
p=head;
flag=0;
cout<<"请输入您要查找的商品品牌：";
cin>>FoundBrand;
while(p->next!=NULL)
{
p=p->next;
if(p->brand==FoundBrand)//找到相应生产厂家所对应的商品
{
flag=1;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
}
}
if(flag==0)
{
cout<<"对不起，您查询的商品不存在！！！"<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"信息查找完毕"<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键返回主菜单"<<endl;
getchar();
getchar();
}
void GoodsManage::SellGoodsInfo()//定义商品出库函数
{
int sellNum,year,month,day;
double sellPrice,sum=0.0,profit=0.0;;
char c;
Goods *p;
bool flag=0;
string SellName;
do
{
p=head->next;
flag=0;
cout<<"请输入您要出售的商品名称：";
cin>>SellName;
while(p->next!=NULL&&p->name!=SellName)
p=p->next;
if(p->name==SellName)
{
flag=1;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
cout<<"确认出售吗？<y/n>";
cin>>c;
while(c!='y'&&c!='n')
{
cout<<"指令错误！！！！<请输入y/n>:";
cin>>c;
}
if(c=='y')
{
cout<<"请输入出售的商品数量：";
cin>>sellNum;
if(sellNum<=p->num)//库存量充足
{
p->num=p->num-sellNum;//计算商品出库后商品的库存量
cout<<"请输入出售的商品价格：";
cin>>sellPrice;
cout<<"请输入出货日期：";
cin>>year>>month>>day;
sum=sellNum*sellPrice;
profit=sellNum*(sellPrice-p->price);
cout<<"此次销售额为： "<<sum<<endl;
cout<<"此次利润为： "<<profit<<endl;
cout<<"出货日期为："<<year<<"/"<<month<<"/"<<day<<endl;
}
else
{
cout<<"库存不足！出库失败！"<<endl;
}
}
else cout<<"取消成功！"<<endl;
}
if(flag==0)
{
cout<<"对不起，您出售的货物不存在！！"<<endl;
}
cout<<"您想要继续出售吗？(y/n):";
cin>>c;
while(c!='y'&&c!='n')
{
cout<<"指令错误！！！<请输入y/n>:"<<endl;
cout<<"您想要继续出售吗？(y/n):";
cin>>c;
}
}while(c=='y');
cout<<endl;
cout<<"出库完毕"<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键返回主菜单"<<endl;
getchar();
getchar();
}
void GoodsManage::DisplayGoodsInfo()//定义商品信息浏览函数
{
Goods *p=head;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<"编号"<<setw(16)<<"名称"<<setw(10)<<"生产厂家"<<setw(10)<<"价格"<<setw(10)<<
"商品类别"<<setw(10)<<"数量"<<setw(10)<<"入库时间"<<endl;
while(p->next!=NULL)//直到p指向链表中最后一个结点
{
p=p->next;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<p->code<<setw(16)<<p->name<<setw(10)<<p->brand<<setw(10)<<p->price
<<setw(10)<<p->type<<setw(10)<<p->num<<p->date.year<<"/"<<p->date.month<<"/"<<p->date.day<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"信息统计完毕"<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键返回主菜单"<<endl;
getchar();
getchar();
}
int main()//主函数
{
int c;
int i=0;
bool flag=0;
GoodsManage goods;//定义GoodsManage类对象
goods.DisplayMainMenu();
for(;;)
{
do
{
cin>>c;
if(c>=0&&c<=9)//判断用户输入编号是否存在
flag=1;
else
{
cout<<"您输入的编号不存在！"<<endl;
cout<<"请选择相应的数字进行操作:"<<endl;
}
}while(flag==0);//输入编号存在时跳出循环进行相应操作
system("cls");//清屏
switch(c)
{
case 1:goods.AddGoodsInfo();
break;
case 2:goods.EditGoodsInfo();
break;
case 3:goods.DeleteGoodsInfo();
break;
case 4:goods.SearchByCode();
break;
case 5:goods.SearchByName();
break;
case 6:goods.SearchByType();
break;
case 7:goods.SearchByBrand();
break;
case 8:goods.SellGoodsInfo();
break;
case 9:goods.DisplayGoodsInfo();
break;
case 0:exit(0);
break;
}
system("cls");
goods.DisplayMainMenu();
}
return 0;
}
0 Answer
example:
class Person {
public:
// 构造函数
Person(std::string name, int age, std::string address)
: name_(name), age_(age), address_(address) {}
// 成员函数
void print_info() {
std::cout << "Name: " << name_ << std::endl;
std::cout << "Age: " << age_ << std::endl;
std::cout << "Address: " << address_ << std::endl;
}
private:
// 成员变量
std::string name_;
int age_;
std::string address_;
};
I'm not sure what you mean. struct and class are the same thing. A struct can be regarded as a class whose members are public. Therefore, a struct can be replaced directly with a class and put its members into public
.
In C++, you can use classes instead of structs to achieve the same functionality. To write a structure to a class, you can use member variables of the class to define fields in the structure and member functions of the class to define functions in the structure. For example:
struct Point { int x; int y; };
class Point { public: int x; int y; void move(int dx, int dy); };
void Point::move(int dx, int dy) { x += dx; y += dy; }
If you want to define a structure in a class, you can do so using C++ nested structures(nested struct) instead of defining a separate structure outside the class.
Here is a simple example of code that defines a class named Person with an embedded structure Address:
class Person {
public:
// 内嵌结构体
struct Address {
std::string street;
std::string city;
std::string state;
std::string zip;
};
// 类的成员函数
void set_address(const Address& addr) {
address_ = addr;
}
private:
Address address_;
};
In this example, the Address structure is nested within the Person class. You can set the value of its Address member by creating a Person object and calling its member function set_address.
Person person;
Person::Address address;
address.street = "123 Main St.";
address.city = "Anytown";
address.state = "CA";
address.zip = "12345";
person.set_address(address);
This completes the process of defining a structure in the class, without the need to define a separate structure outside the class.
The following answer is based on ChatGPT and GISer Liu:
We will take the structure you gave here as an example:
struct Date//入库时间
{
int year;
int month;
int day;
};
struct Goods//商品基本信息
{
string code;//商品编号
string name;//商品名称
string brand;//生产厂家
double price;//商品价格
int num;//商品数量
GoodsType type;//商品类别
Date date;//入库时间
Goods *next;
};
You can avoid using structs by defining this struct as a member of a class. Here is a sample code:
#include <string>
class Date {
public:
int year;
int month;
int day;
};
class Goods {
public:
std::string code;//商品编号
std::string name;//商品名称
std::string brand;//生产厂家
double price;//商品价格
int num;//商品数量
enum GoodsType {//枚举类型，需要根据实际情况定义
Type1,
Type2,
Type3
} type;//商品类别
Date date;//入库时间
Goods *next;
};
In this example code, we define Date and Goods as two classes, where Date contains only three integer member variables, and Goods contains all the member variables you use in the struct definition, as well as a pointer member variable to the type of Goods. Defining structures in class terms can better encapsulate data and improve code readability and maintainability.
How should we use the enumerated types below? was not declared in this scope
Was not declared in this scope
Hello, here are two solutions to your problem of not wanting to use structs:
1. Replace the struct directly with a class and place it in the following clas
class Date//入库时间
{
int year;
int month;
int day;
};
class Goods//商品基本信息
{
string code;//商品编号
string name;//商品名称
string brand;//生产厂家
double price;//商品价格
int num;//商品数量
GoodsType type;//商品类别
Date date;//入库时间
Goods *next;
};
2. Move all the variable attributes and methods defined in the struct structure to the following class, so that the changes are relatively large. All the aspects related to the use of structure variables before should be modified to directly use the variable
.
emm, then you say, write the structure into the class, this is not in?
If you want to use a class instead of a structure, you can declare its member variables and methods in the class definition instead of the structure's data members and functions. For example, the following code demonstrates how to use a class instead of a simple struct:
class Person {
public:
// 构造函数
Person(std::string n, int a) : name(n), age(a) {}
// 成员变量
std::string name;
int age;
// 成员方法
void say_hello() {
std::cout << "Hello, my name is " << name << " and I am " << age << " years old." << std::endl;
}
};
int main() {
// 创建 Person 对象
Person person("John", 30);
// 访问成员变量
std::cout << "Name: " << person.name << std::endl;
std::cout << "Age: " << person.age << std::endl;
// 调用成员方法
person.say_hello();
return 0;
}
In the example above, we used the class Person instead of a simple structure. The constructor, member variable, and member method in the class definition correspond to the initializer, data member, and function of the structure, respectively. The advantage of using classes is that they allow you to encapsulate data and behavior and protect your code through access control.
run successful:
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